Seahorse ROV MVP 1 Visual Reference

Body & Propulsion — SVG Reference

Structural diagrams for the biomimetic seahorse underwater ROV. Segment geometry, side-mounted eye sockets, fin propulsion layout, prehensile tail mechanism, energy harvesting integration, and impact behavior. Use as starting geometry for CAD / 3D print prototyping.

← System Design

01 — Segment Cross Section (Head Variant — with Eye Sockets)

Head segments: 4 L-shaped plates with eye sockets on left and right walls. Flat viewports set into curved plate surfaces. Dorsal fin ray on top, ballast rail on bottom. Body/mid/tail segments omit eye sockets but keep same plate geometry.

SEALED SPINE FIN RAY BALLAST RAIL o-ring A B C D LEFT EYE RIGHT EYE ~40mm (head) → ~15mm (tail) ↑ DORSAL (top) ↓ VENTRAL (bottom)
Plate A
Plate B
Plate C
Plate D
Sealed spine
Fin ray mount
Eye sockets (head seg only)

02 — Side Profile — Full ROV Layout

Tapering segments from head to tail. Dorsal fin array runs along the top ridge. Electronics distributed by zone. Tether exits at tail. Ballast on ventral rail.

~ water surface ~ DORSAL FIN ARRAY 8 servo-driven fin rays · silicone membrane ☀ solar cells (between rays) LEFT EYE viewport RIGHT EYE (far side) 180° pectoral TETHER to surface grip pads (inner) tendon cable adjustable ballast (ventral rail) HEAD Side-mount Eyes · Servos · LEDs BODY Pi 5 · IMU · Depth · PCA9685 MID Battery · BEC · Buoyancy TAIL Prehensile Grip · Turbine · Tether ── sealed spine channel ── ~250–350mm total length Operating depth: 1–10m · Fresh + Salt
Head — Side-mounted eyes + 180° rotation
Body — Compute + sensors
Mid — Power + buoyancy
Tail — Prehensile grip + turbine
Dorsal fin array
Sealed spine
Solar cells

03a — Gliding Joint (Intra-Segment)

Plates slide on impact. O-ring seal at overlap prevents water ingress.

o-ring seal A B Slides on impact O-ring maintains seal under compression

03b — Pivot Joint (Inter-Segment)

TPU flex zone between segments. Allows body articulation for swimming.

TPU ~15° flex Seg N N+1 TPU 95A living hinge Waterproof + flexible Aids undulating swim motion

04 — Camera Head — Side-Mounted Eyes (True Seahorse Anatomy)

Cameras sit in eye sockets on the sides of the head — like a real seahorse. Each eye rotates 180° independently, enabling three distinct vision modes. Top-down view showing eye placement and FOV convergence.

MODE A — STEREO DEPTH both eyes rotated inward HEAD → body STEREO OVERLAP baseline = head width L R FORWARD ↑ 🎣 Mapping structure + depth Best at 0.5–3m range MODE B — PANORAMIC both eyes rotated outward HEAD ~300° COVERAGE ← L R → 🗺️ Area survey + quick mapping Maximum situational awareness MODE C — DUAL VIEW left forward · right rear HEAD FWD ↑ REAR ↓ 180° 🔙 Safe retreat navigation See ahead + behind simultaneously FRONT VIEW — Eye Socket Detail flat viewport inserts in curved head wall flat viewport IMX219 flat viewport IMX219 spine LEDs (forehead) ↑ dorsal ↓ ventral o-ring Each eye rotates on a servo-driven axle through the head wall. Flat glass/acrylic viewport eliminates curved lens distortion underwater. 3 pre-stored calibration profiles: A: Stereo (inward converge) B: Panoramic (outward wide) C: Dual-view (mixed)

05 — Dorsal Fin Wave Propagation

Sine wave propagates along fin ray array. Frequency = speed, amplitude = power, direction = forward/reverse. Silent propulsion — won't spook fish.

dorsal ridge of body WAVE PROPAGATION → THRUST FORWARD reverse wave direction = reverse thrust amplitude (10°–45°) silicone membrane connects rays

06 — Impact Behavior — Underwater Collision

Bumping rocks, submerged structure, or launch impact from shore. Plates slide, spine stays sealed. Electronics and cameras protected.

NORMAL SEALED 100% width ROCK IMPACT ~50% COMPRESSED SAFE ✓ spine + o-rings intact

07 — Buoyancy System — Dual Water Compensation

MVP 1: manual adjustable ballast weights. Future: active syringe pump buoyancy engine. Saltwater = more buoyant (add weight), Freshwater = less buoyant (remove weight).

🏞️ FRESHWATER — 1.0 g/cm³ ROV body light ballast neutral 🌊 SALTWATER — 1.025 g/cm³ ROV body heavy ballast (+2.5%) more buoyant Future: Active syringe pump auto-compensates ±2.5% density difference

08 — Prehensile Tail — Anchor-Observe-Release Cycle

Tendon-driven curling tail grips structure for zero-power station keeping. One servo, two cables. Fail-safe: power off = slack tendon = auto-release + float to surface.

TRANSIT — Tail Straight tendons relaxed · streamlined body SERVO tendons (slack) turbine ANCHORED — Tail Curled tendon pulled · gripping structure body PULL submerged branch grip pads (ridged TPU) FSR (touch) tendon (taut) FAIL-SAFE power off = auto release seahorse FLOAT ↑ Power loss → Servo de-energizes → Tendon goes slack → Tail uncurls → Positive buoyancy → Float to surface ✓ PATROL BEHAVIOR LOOP → TRANSIT ~ APPROACH ✋ ANCHOR 👁 PATROL ↺ RELEASE repeat at next structure

09 — Energy Harvesting — Solar + Hydro Turbine Layout

Solar cells between dorsal fin rays. Micro turbine in tail funnel. When anchored in current, tail simultaneously grips AND funnels water through the generator. MPPT controller manages both inputs.

40-60% at 1-2m depth SOLAR CELLS (between fin rays) ~0.5-1W total water flow → TURBINE ~100-200mW in current HEAD MPPT CONTROLLER BQ25570 · manages both inputs solar in turbine in 2S LiPo 2200mAh trickle charge PATROL MODE ENERGY MATH Draw: ~2-3W · Harvest: ~0.5-1.2W Net: ~1-2W → 8-12hr+ runtime Ideal conditions: near energy-neutral ✓
3D Print Notes: Rigid segments in ASA (UV + saltwater resistant) at 0.2mm layers, 1.5–2mm wall thickness. Flex joints in TPU 95A. Spine channel ≥10mm inner diameter for tether + tendon cables + flex wiring. Tail inner surfaces: ridged TPU grip pads (0.5mm rib spacing). All fasteners 316 stainless steel. Rinse with fresh water after every saltwater session. Solar cell recesses in dorsal surface between fin ray mounts (0.8mm depth pocket for flush-mount flex cells).
Reference: UCSD — Seahorse Armor Research · McKittrick & Meyers · Acta Biomaterialia, 2013